The Saints of Sorath


The Saints of Sorath

Guru Gebinath


caste
not available 
sect
Nath
guru
not available

Inspirer of the Aapaa tradition which took roots with Aapaa Mepa, who followed him.
A cave atop Songadh Hillock (near Thangadh : District Surendranagar) was his abode where he undertook hard penance.
         
his Temple atop the hillock Songadh Hillock his Cave


 
Aapaa Mepa



caste
Prajapati
sect
Gebinath
guru
Gebinath
  
A resident of Thangadh (Dist. Surendranagar), he pursued the profession of a potter and
was blessed by
Guru Gebinath.
 
Jhilaniyu lake located between Surajdeval
and Songadh Hillock, on the outskirts of
Thangadh, where he would be found digging
the earth  (for the soil needed for making potteries),
praising God all the time.
his Samadhi at  Asthal-nee Jagaa, Thangadh


 
   Aapaa Rata



caste
Kathi
sect
Gebinath
guru
Gebinath
 
A Kathi Darbar from
Moldi (near Chotila : Dist. Surendranagar)
who, after he came in touch with
Aapaa Mepa, trode the path of devotion and service.
 
Baavan Hanuman Temple at Moldi
where he worshipped
his farm in the outskirts of Moldi
where he went every night to guard the crop
and where his lion friends
Gangaram and Motiram came to meet him
his Samadhi at Moldi


 
Aapaa Jadra



caste
Kathi
sect
Gebinath
guru
Aapa Mepa
     

A Kathi Darbar from Songadh (near Thangadh : Dist. Surendranagar) who turned over a new leaf once he realised
how great his
father-in-law Aapaa Rata really was.
Believing him to be a Peer, the sick and the sightless, the crippled and the childless --- all sorts of sufferers, from all sections of the society,
came to him for his blessings, which, they thought, could cure them. 
   
Old Songadh atop the hillock
his abode
his Samadhi at
Asthal-nee Jagaa, Thangadh


 
Aapaa Gorkha

caste
Kathi
sect
Gebinath
guru
Aapa Jadra
    

son of Aapa Jadra, he furthered and fostered the noble tradition of his worthy father.
 
Hanuman Temple atop Songadh Hillock
where he worshipped
The present-day Songadh
which he `founded'
his Samadhi at
Asthal-nee Jagaa, Thangadh


      

 
 
Dan Maharaj



caste
Kathi
sect
Gebinath
guru
Aapa Jadra
 

 
Born totally blind, he got his eyesight with the blessings of Aapaa Jadra.
He established the Seat at Chalala (Dist. Amreli)
where he served the needy and maintained and cared for cows.
He also set up the tradition of Anna-Kshetra, a free-food-for-all centre
serving
Gol-Chokhaa-Ghee (jaggery, rice and ghee) to anyone who came there.
  
his Belongings Chalala  (Dist. Amreli) his Samadhi
   

 
Visaman Bapu



caste
Kathi
sect
Gebinath
guru
Dan Maharaj


 
Once an outlaw, he took to the path of devotion and service after he met Dan Maharaj.
In accordance with his guru's wish he established the Seat at Paliyad (near Botad : Dist. Bhavnagar) and
carried on therefrom the tradition of his Guru.
  
  Hall to hold Daayro Paliyad (near Botad : Dist. Bhavnagar) his Samadhi 


 
Aapa Giga



caste
Gadhai
sect
Gebinath
guru
Dan Maharaj
  
He grew up at Chalala
where Dan Maharaj and Visaman Bapu, seeing the spark in him, took him in their wings.
 He established the Seat at Satadhar (Dist. Junagadh) which eventually became a centre for
Gareeb-Sewaa (service to the poor) and Gau-Sewaa (service to cows).
Started the tradition of prasaad of Raab, made from Juvaar (a kind of corn) as  advised by his Guru.
   
Sandhyaa Aartee (evening prayer) Satadhar  (Dist. Junagadh) his Samadhi can be seen behind the tree

 

 
 
Girnari Sant Velnath Bapu



caste
Koli
sect
Nath
guru
Waghnath
     
view from Damodar Kund Mount Girnar at Junagadh view from Hasnapur Dam
He did Parakamma of Mount Girnar at Junagadh, going round and round the mountain for 12 long years,
in course of which he scaled every peak, entered every cave and got to know every tree standing there.  
 
 
    
Velavad, near Bhavnath Taleti, Girnar
He finally returned to the foot, at Bhaveshwar, and brushed his teeth there with a Daatan --- a soft, thin branch of Banyan tree.
 He then split the Daatan into two parts.
One of these, which he casually planted nearby, eventually grew into a grand, spreading Banyan tree and came to be known as Vela Vad.
   
 
Bhairavjap peak of Girnar
where he did hard penance


  

Velnath-no Veerado
one of the seven such water streams near Bhairavjap peak 
 
 
his Samadhi at Girnar
his Samadhi at Khadkhad  (Dist. Amreli)
   
Ram Dhangad, a dreaded hunter from Dervav (Dist. Junagadh) who, after he happened to meet Saint Velnath,
felt inspired to abandon his ruthless deeds.
 
 Later came to be known as Saint Ramaiya, having composed over 300 Bhajans (devotional songs) in his lifetime.
Bhajan composed by Saint Ramaiya in praise of his Guru
click here to listen
( Jhaverchand Meghani )
click here to listen
( Kandas Bapu )

The Pristine Glow

Sant Devidas



caste
Rabari
sect
Sanatan
guru
Jerambharathi
  
He undertook the noble but daunting task of caring for
the critically-ill patients of leprosy who, till then, were humiliated and left to their ultimate fate.
Amar Maa and Shardul Bhagat were his disciples.
 
Dattatreya Dhoono  (encampment for worship)
which he kept going
Parabvavdi  (Dist. Junagadh) A Majestic Temple
constructed over
his Samadhi
Bhajan composed by Amar Maa
click here to listen
( Kandas Bapu )
click here to listen
( Kandas Bapu )
 


 
 

Mekran Dada



caste
Bhatti Rajput
sect
Kapdi
guru
Gangaraja Kapdi
 


Jee Naam ! --- The words, uttered in a specially prolonged and raised voice, with which he used to greet people.
 So characteristic it was that the words became almost his synonym : Its utterance itself became his identity.
 
He dedicated his entire life to the service of the people around him.
Accompanied by his constant, faithful companions --- Lalaram the donkey and Motiram the dog ---
he traversed the tough terrain of the drought-prone Kutch region on foot, in the scorching desert sun,
to try and quench the thirst of people dying for water.
      
    
Birthplace
Nani Khombhdi  (near Nakhtrana : Dist. Kutch)
Ashapura Mataji Temple at Mata Na Madh  (Dist. Kutch)
where Mekran Dada, then a boy of just 12, resolved to tread the pathway to God through service to fellow humans. 
 
Dattatreya Temple in Girnar
where Guru Dattatreya is believed to have gifted him Kaavad
(a pair of leather bags, hanging in balance, one each from either end of a strong wooden rod)
which later became synonymous with him.
   
He did hard penance, spending 12 years each at  Bilkha Jungi Lodai and Dhrang
establishing at each place a Dhoono (encampment for worship). 
Noorsataagar-nee Jagyaa, Bilkha  (Dist. Junagadh)
     
Jungi  (near Samakhiyali  : Dist. Kutch)
 
Lodai  (near Dhrang : Dist. Kutch)
 
    
The Source
Pargatpani  (near Dhrang : Dist. Kutch)
The water is harnessed into Havaado (reservoir)
for use by the nearby villagers and their cattle
where he is believed to have unearthed water from deep down the ground by just a strike of his Trishool.
The stream of water keeps coming out there even today !
   
    
Samadhi
 
his Dhoono Dhrang  (near Bhuj : Dist. Kutch) his Samadhi
  
his belongings including the Kaavad which
he used to carry water
the well from which he fetched water
for the thirsty
his Dholio (cot)
    
 While 10 of his dedicated disciples preferred to take Samadhi with him,
his two steadfast companions --- Lalaram the donkey and Motiram the dog --- also chose to accompany their master along his 'journey beyond'

 Laliyo --- The Treasure of Virtues !          Motiyo --- My Brotherly Strength !
--
Samadhi of Lalaram the donkey and Motiram the dog
  
Samadhi of his brother Patangsha Peer
 who stayed at Jok in Sindh and practiced Muslim religion.
On learning that Mekran
Dada had taken Samadhi he left for Dhrang.  He stayed here for 6 months before he too took Samadhi.
 
then
 
  
some of the Saakhee (short poems) composed by Mekran Dada explaining the deeper meaning of life


 

 
  
Jesal-Toral
Jesal Peer
Sati Toral

caste
Rajput   (Jesal)
Kathi    (Toral)
sect
Maha Panth
guru
Sati Toral      (Jesal)
not available         (Toral)
 

 
Chandaji Jesal, a notorious social discard, was persuaded to return to the path of good by Sati Toral,
the virtuous wife of Kathi saint Sasatiya, a resident of
Kathiawad
  
 
Bhajans explaining the deeper meaning of life composed by Jesal Peer and Sati Toral are still throbbing in the hearts of the masses.
 
 
click here to listen
( Jhaverchand Meghani )
click here to listen
( Mohanlal Rayani )
Jesal once sneaked into the house of Sasatiya with the intention of stealing the three things Sasatiya prided on :
his famed
Tori female horse, his Tori sword and his wife Toral.
Jesal got caught in the act.
  However, the magnanimous Sasatiya, unbelievable as it might sound, gifted Jesal all the three !
  
  
Jesal Kund  (near Dhrol : Dist. Kutch)
where Jesal rested on his way back home in Kutch along with the three 'gifts'.
.It was here that Jesal first got the Parcho (evidence) of the divine powers Toral was believed to be blessed with.
She, with this power of hers, could sense the intention Jesal harboured to steal cows as the cattle came to the kund to drink water
and dissuaded him from carrying out the sinful idea.
     
 
click here to listen
( Hemu Gadhavi - Dina Gandharv )
Again, while crossing the creek between Kathiawad and Kutch,
Jesal-Toral encountered a storm which threatened to overturn their boat.
While Jesal paniced, Toral --- as calm and composed as ever ---
consoled him, advising him to pray to God with all of his heart and make a clean breast of each one of his past sins.
As he started praying as advised by Toral,  the storm slowly weakened and eventually passed off. 
    
 
click here to listen
( Suman Kalyanpur )
The Bhajan through which Toral, after they safely landed on the bank across,   
wised up
Jesal to the intricacies of life.
click here to listen
( Yashwant Bhatt )
click here to listen
( Imail Valera )
Jesal sang this Bhajan to awaken the unconscious Toral
Jesal was all grief as Toral was leaving for Mewar to be at a religious ceremony.
He, somehow, had a feeling that it was their last meeting.
And so, alas, it turned out : Jesal passed away while Toral was away.
   
click here to listen
( Dina Gandharv )
Learning about it on her return Toral is believed to have persuaded Jesal to 'wake up'.
What about our word to each other --- she as if reminded Jesal in her voiceless utterance ---  to go to the 'world beyond' together ?
And, lo, Jesal woke up --- as if from deep slumber  ! 
They, eventually, took Samadhi together --- true to their word to each other.
 
       
Samadhi
Samadhi of Tori, Jesal's female horse  Anjar  (Dist. Kutch) Samadhi of Jesal-Toral
 
then

The Saintly Voices from Sorath
  



1947
 A collection of 104 Bhajans (Devotional Songs)
which he jotted down in his notebooks as he moved  places researching  folklore,
       
When the final proofs of his fairly exhaustive, almost 50-page introduction to the book, already printed, arrived to be finalised by him,
Meghani had left this world --- just the night before.
Over the few months prior to this he, who was immersed lifelong --- and neck-deep --- in creating literature,
  seemed to be leaning towards something which he, as if suddenly, realised he had missed out on : 
Saintly Literature --- especially the Devotional Songs.
An undercurrent of his inclination for this, though, perhaps flowed underneath his other writings all along.    
Indeed, he thereafter stopped writing poetry altogether, realising the literature already there more than echoed his feelings.  
  
   Meghani illustrates
      


 
Sections
in which the Bhajans are classified

The Lord and the Land

The Pathway of Worship

The Nine Ways of Worship

The Master Tallest

Being Born a Human

Loving is Worshipping


 
Poet-Saints
figuring in this collection
Aamba Chhathaa
Akha Bhagat
Raja Amarsinh
Bhawanidas
Bhojalram
Daasee Jeevan
 Devaram
Devayat Pandit
Sant Devidas
Dulabh
Ganga Sati
Raja Gopichand
Guru Gorakhnath
Harji Bhati
Daas Hothi
Jesal Peer
Jethiram
Sant Kabir
Lakhiram
Likhmauji Mali
Sati Loyan
Kaaji Mahmad Shah
Meera Bai
Mahatma Mooldas
Morar Saheb
Paan Bai
Pitha Bhagat
Prem Saheb
Sant Raidas / Rohidas
Sant Ramaiya
Ravi Saheb
Ravidas Mod
Shamal Daas
Sati Toral
Trikam Saheb

 

some of the everfresh Bhajans from the collection

Names of different singers who have rendered the same particular song appear, under the title of the song, in
alphabetical order, left to right.

click on the singer's name to listen

Ganesh Saakhee (short prayer)
with which would start every Bhajan-singing session


Hemant Chauhan Narayan Swami Praful Dave Pranlal Vyas
( Anonymous )
Kanu Barot
Bharati P. Vyas Hemant Chauhan Praful Dave
Daas Hothi
Hasan Ismail Solanki
Sant Kabir
Dayalal Chavda Hemant Chauhan Kalyandas Mesvaniya
Morar Saheb
Hemant Chauhan
Devaram
Hemant Chauhan
Ravi Saheb
Lakhiram
Hemant Chauhan Karsan Sagathia Niranjan Pandya
Jethiram
Hemant Chauhan Kandas Bapu
Meera Bai
Ismail Valera Narayan Swami Yashwant Bhatt
Osman Mir
Raja Gopichand
Kaumudi Munshi - Yashwant Bhatt
Meena Patel - Praful Dave
Anuradha Paudwal - Mahendra Kapoor

Meera Bai

Narayan Swami Praful Dave

Devayant Pandit

Osman Mir
Sati Toral
Kanu Barot Mohanlal Rayani
Kandas Bapu

Likhmauji Mali
Hemu Gadhavi Master Suleman Yashwant Bhatt
Bharati P. Vyas
Sati Toral
Master Laloo
Dina Gandharv Praful Dave Suman Kalyanpur

Daasee Jeevan
Mugatlal Joshi
Hemant Chauhan Jagmal Barot Dr. Niranjan Rajyaguru

Ravi Saheb
Mugatlal Joshi
Pranlal Vyas Vana Jetha Odedara

Sant Devidas
Dayalal Chavda Hemant Chauhan
Sati Loyan
Hemant Chauhan
Sati Loyan
Dayalal Chavda Hemant Chauhan

Morar Saheb

Dayalal Chavda Lalita Ghodadra

Jethiram
Mugatlal Joshi
Niranjan Pandya Vana Jetha Odedara

Guru Gorakhnath
Purshottam Upadhaya

Daasee Jeevan
Mohanlal Rayani
Narayan Swami Praful Dave

Shamal Daas
Kanu Barot
Karsan Sagathia Nebha Vinja Parmar

Ganga Sati

Morar Saheb

Purshottam Upadhaya Suman Kalyanpur

( Anonymous )
Amarnath Nathji
Sati Toral - Jesal Peer
Dina Gandharv - Hemu Gadhavi Diwaliben Bhil
Jesal Peer
Hemu Gadhavi Ismail Valera Narayan Swami
Hemant Chauhan Karsan Sagathia

Bhawanidas

Hemant Chauhan Mehul Chauhan

Trikam Saheb

Ismail Valera Kanu Barot
Mahendra Kapoor Pranlal Vyas

Meera Bai


Pranlal Vyas


Ganga Sati
Mugatlal Joshi
Kandas Bapu Narayan Swami
Hemant Chauhan

Sant Raidas / Rohidas
Karsan Sagathia Mukta Dave Praful Dave

Ganga Sati
Mugatlal Joshi
Kandas Bapu Narayan Swami

Kaaji Mahmad Shah
Kanu Barot Narayan Swami
Karsan Sagathia Pranlal Vyas

Harji Bhati
Dula Bhagat
Hemant Chauhan Naga Bhagat Praful Dave

Likhmauji Mali
Mugatlal Joshi Narayan Swami
Jagmal Barot

Ganga Sati
Damyanti Bardai Lalita Ghodadra Meena Patel
Kavita Krishnamurthy
  
   

 
   
Guru Gorakhnath
 
Considered to be the 9th and the last Nath of the Nath Sect, he composed 
Bhajans which got adapted in Gujarati too.
 
Gorakhpur (Uttar Pradesh)
his place
Gorakhnath peak in Mount Girnar
where he did penance
 
  

Sant Kabir


 
A weaver by profession, he composed and sang devotional songs, which came naturally to him as he wove for his livelihood.
He showed, by example, that one could worship even while working and carrying on the daily duties of life.
He further showed --- by example again --- that what finally mattered was one's deeds in life rather than one's birth.
His influence was not limited to any religion or sect and he is revered even today by Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs alike.
 
Lahartala Lake at Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh)
where he was `found'
Kabir Chaura at Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh)
his workplace
Maghar (near Gorakhpur : Uttar Pradesh)
his Samadhi
   
The Kabir Vad standing tall on the bank of river Narmada (near Bharuch) which Sant Kabir is said to have visited.`

 
     

Sant Raidas / Rohidas

While pursuing his profession of washing skins of dead animals before use as leather, the down-to the-earth saint composed
Bhajans.
 
Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh)
his birthplace
Raidas Kund at Sarsai  (near Visavadar : Dist. Junagadh)
where he stayed during his sojourn in Saurashtra
 
  
Ravi-Bhan Tradition

Bhan Saheb 


   
It was he who took up the torch of
Sant Kabir in Gujarat and eventually founded the Ravi-Bhan tradition.
   
He travelled extensively across Gujarat along with his team of 40 disciples called the Bhan Faujh (Army)
 
A well-known verse roll calling the members of the Bhan Faujh
 
Varahi  (near Radhanpur : Dist. Banaskantha)
his native place
Sherkhi (near Vadodara)
the first Seat he founded
Kamijala  (near Viramgam : Dist. Ahmedabad)
his
Samadhi
Bund
Taking the Ravi-Bhan tradition further ...

Khim Saheb
son of Bhan Saheb

Dariyaasthaan at Rapar  (Dist. Kutch)
his Seat
Dariyaasthaan at Rapar  (Dist. Kutch)
his Samadhi

Trikam Saheb
disciple of Khim Saheb

Chitrod (near Rapar : Dist. Kutch)
his Seat
Dariyaasthaan at Rapar  (Dist. Kutch)
his Samadhi

Bhim Saheb
disciple of Trikam Saheb

his Samadhi at Amaran  (near Morbi  : Dist. Jamnagar)



Daasee Jeevan
disciple of Bhim Saheb

his birthplace Ghoghavadar  (near Gondal : Dist. Rajkot) his Samadhi
He composed devotional songs imagining himself to be a Daasee (female attendant) of the Lord.



Prem Saheb
disciple of Daasee Jeevan


his Samadhi at Kotda Sangani  (Dist. Rajkot)

Naad
Taking the Ravi-Bhan
tradition further ...


Ravi Saheb
disciple of Bhan Saheb

Sherkhi (near Vadodara)
his Seat
Khambhalida  (Dist. Jamnagar)
his
Samadhi

Morar Saheb
disciple of Ravi Saheb

Khambhalida  (Dist. Jamnagar)
his Seat
Khambhalida  (Dist. Jamnagar)
his Samadhi

Hothi Saheb
disciple of Morar Saheb

Morbi Balambha  (Dist. Jamnagar)



in alphabetic order

Akha Bhagat
Jetalpur (near Ahmedabad)
his birthplace
A Vedanti and a hard-hitting social reformer,
he innovatively used a more effective
 poetic form -- Chhappaa -- to achieve his goal.
Desai-nee Pol, Khadia, Ahmedabad
where he spent most of his working life.
  
Aamba Chhathaa
Balak Swami Temple at Mesvan
considered to be the fountainhead of Mesvaniya
tradition where he is believed to have taken
Samadhi.
Believed to be his footprints at
Balak Swami Temple at Mesvan   (Dist. Junagadh)
The temple at Dudhrej (near Surendranagar)
founded by his elder brother
Shatpragyna Swami
 

Bhawanidas

Bhawanidas (right) with his Guru Jodhal Peer (left)
Vankarvaas, Dholka (near Ahmedabad)
his birthplace
He was, like Kabir, a weaver by profession.
Words and ambience associated with his
daily working life, thus, naturally and
effortlessly got woven into his poetry.
He played
Dokad, a sort of a drum,
and even danced passionately as he sang. 
Dholka (near Ahmedabad)
his Samadhi
    

Bhoja Bhagat
Fatehpur (near Amreli)
his Seat
No less a social reformer than a saint,
he resorted  to another poetic form
for his purpose :
Chaabakhaa  (whip).
He took Samadhi at Virpur
in accordance with the wishes of
his disciple Jalaram Bapa
          
Devayat Pandit
Among his disciples were
Devtankhi
Luhaar and his daughter Liralbai,
residents of Majevdi  (near Junagadh), who were
great devotees and noble souls themselves.
He excelled in songs foreseeing the future
and widely used
Aagam,
a poetic form suitable for the purpose.
Koliyak (near Bhavnagar)
He along with his wife Devalde
is believed to have taken
Samadhi
near Koliyak
  
Lakhiram
his Bhajans came to be known as
`Lakheeraam-naa Pyaalaa'
  

Mahatma Mooldas
Amodara  (near Una : Dist. Junagadh)
his birthplace
People called him Mahatma
for the services he rendered to the society.
Amreli
his Samadhi
   

Pitha Bhagat
his Samadhi at Junaa Vankarvaas, Vanthali (near Junagadh)
Once an outlaw, he took to the path of devotion


some Saints from Rajasthan
whose
Bhajans got into Gujarati in course of time

Harji Bhati

Harji Bhati (left) with his Guru Baba Ramdev Peer

Chief disciple of
Baba Ramdev Peer
 
Ramdevra, Rajasthan
his memorial in the premises of the
Samadhi temple of his Guru
Panditjee-kee-Dhaanee (near Osiya), Rajasthan
his Place and Samadhi
     
 

Likhmauji / Likhmidas Mali
   
A descendent of
Baba Ramdev Peer tradition
 
Badakee-Bastee at Chenaar in Nagaur
his birthplace
Amarpura village (near Nagaur), Rajasthan
Kuvo (well) where he sat singing Bhajans
Amarpura
his Samadhi
 
 
 
some Women saints
who tried to seek unison with God by singing in praise of Him with deep devotion and intense emotion.

Meera Bai
 
Hailing from a high royal Rajput family of Rajasthan,
she got deeply immersed in the worship of Krishna from the very childhood.
She composed songs in Marwari, Vraj and Gujarati and sang these too in the melodious voice she was gifted with.
 
The place where she was born Kudki (near Merta City), Rajasthan
her birthplace
Krishna Temple in the fort

courtesy  Meerabai Smaarak, Merta City, Rajasthan
Fort at Merta City, Rajasthan
where she stayed with her grandparents after the death of her parents
It is, now,
Meerabai Smaarak, a museum raised in her memory
Shri Chaturbhujnath Temple at Merta City, Rajasthan
where she worshipped as a young girl
and where, now, stands a temple in her memory too.
Kanwar Pada Palace
a part of
Kumbha Palace
where she stayed
Chittorgarh, Rajasthan
where she settled after her marriage with Bhojraj,
the eldest son of Rana Sangha, who ruled Mewar
Kumbha Shyam Temple
later named Meera Temple
since she worshipped there regularly
  
Dwarka, Gujarat
where she is believed to have spent the later part of her life
     
 

Ganga Sati
 
While her saintly husband Kahalsang
Bhagat opted for a death-by-choice by taking Samaadhi,
he disuaded her from her wish to join him in the journey to the next world.
She would do well, he advised, to live a little longer instead and train Paan
Bai for the life ahead. 
She chose to do this through devotional songs, which she composed, one every day, for the next 52 days, interpreting life and unlocking the secrets thereof.
    
Rajapara  (Dist. Bhavnagar)
her birthplace
Samadhiyala (Dist. Bhavnagar)
her
Samadhi
     
 

Sati Loyan
Atkot (Dist. Rajkot)
her birthplace

Bordevi Temple atop Mount Girnar
from where she is believed
to have left for the world beyond
Lakha, the king of Atkot who used to harass her, later repented his misbehaviour and returned to the right path. 
He even showed a sincere desire to learn about spirituality, whereupon
Sati Loyan, in the 84 devotional songs she wrote addressing Lakha, explained the subtlties of life.